Despite efforts to make the MCP appeal to ethnic Malays, the organisation was dominated by Chinese Malaysians throughout the war. In 1970, the MCP experienced a schism which led to the emergence of two breakaway factions: the Communist Party of Malaya–Marxist–Leninist (CPM–ML) and the Communist Party of Malaya/Revolutionary Faction (CPM–RF). The support ended when the governments of Malaysia and China established diplomatic relations in June 1974. The Malayan Communist Party received some support from the People's Republic of China. The conflict also coincided with renewed domestic tensions between ethnic Malays and Chinese in Peninsular Malaysia and regional military tensions due to the Vietnam War. Hostilities officially re-ignited when the MCP ambushed security forces in Kroh–Betong, in the northern part of Peninsular Malaysia, on 17 June 1968. The Security and Development Programme (KESBAN)įollowing the end of the Malayan Emergency in 1960, the predominantly ethnic Chinese Malayan National Liberation Army, armed wing of the MCP, had retreated to the Malaysian-Thailand border where it had regrouped and retrained for future offensives against the Malaysian government.

The Communist insurgency in Malaysia, also known as the Second Malayan Emergency ( Malay : Perang insurgensi melawan pengganas komunis or Darurat Kedua ), was an armed conflict which occurred in Malaysia from 1968 to 1989, between the Malayan Communist Party (MCP) and Malaysian federal security forces. North Borneo dispute ( Philippine militant attacks)

Communist insurgency in sarawak